kidder



w. P. KIDDER.

TYPEWRITER. I APPLICATION FILED MAY 19, 2919.

Patented Apr. 11, '1922. 1731i 2 6 SHEETS-SHEET I- VVZIZI'II tan Pffi'rh/er W-P. KIDDER.

TYPEWRITER.

- APPLICATION FILED MAY 19. 1919. 1,412,351. 1 Patented Apr. 11, 1922.

6 TS-$HEET 3.

Wkiiz'zu ta'zzfffz'zlder I Atiozv W. P. KIDDER.

TYPEWRITER.

APPLICATION FILED MAY'IQ. 1919.

1,412,351. Patented Apr. 11, 1922.

6 SHhEIS-SHEET 4.

17206115711 Wb/lz'n i'flllflflddel' jg f Attorne g 7 chine, embodying my fully assembled, certain UNITED STATES PATENT GFFICE.

WELLINGTO r. K'Inna-n, or BOSTON. nassaonusnTTs, sssrcnon To HARRY BATES,

. or new YORK, N. Y.

TYPEWRITER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 11, 1922.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WELLINGTON P. Kn)- DER, a citizen of the United States, residin at- Boston,'county of Suffolk, Commonwealth f Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Typewriters, of

which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to typewriters and V particularly to machines of such small, compactand readily'portable type as to afford substantially a pocket typewriter. My present invention contemplates mechanism constituting such a machine either with or without type shift giving in each case a maximum number of characters with minimum bulk and weight andcapable of simple and economical manufacture.

The various improved elements which combine to produce this mechanism will be pointed out and described in connection with the accompanying drawings in which I have shown as an illustrative embodiment a mainvention in practical and commercialform. i

I Throughout the drawings and specification like reference characters are employed to indicate corresponding parts, and in the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a plan vieW showinga machine in accordance with invention. but not parts being omitted for clarity of illustration.

Fig. 2 is a front elevation of such machine in similar partial detail, Fig. 3 is a detail of the spacer and shift key and connections,

Fig. 1 a similarly treated detail of'type keys and connections,

Figso and 6 details of the segment shift,

Fig. 7 a sectional view taken across the machine showing carriage and type segments, I

Fig. 8a plan detail partly in section of the I ribbon shift,

self for unnecessary movements.

rigs. 17,18'and 19, plan, side and end views of the ribbon carrier with manner of use in putting ribbons n machines indicated in the two latter figures, and

Figs. 20 and 21 are sectional details of detachable key assembly on the key segment taken through the comb slot to show the type bar ends.

My machinemakes possible constructions in such condensed echanical form that there is no lost space in the mechanism. it-

As will appear hereinafter, certain phases of movement are so planned as. to bring them outside of the mechanism of the machine itself. In order to encase my machine therefore and provide for the desired movement of the parts beyond the normal confines of the machine, I provide my machine and case with an elevating relation so that when the case is open the machinewhich has, been snugly contained therein will be raised or jacked clear of the plane of the base of the case so as to provide for the necessary movements (see Figs. 15, and 16).

ll hile. my machine is adapted to any style of mount or casing, I have in the form selected shown it mounted in a divided case consisting of a base 1 and cover 2 hinged at 3.

Encasement.

In eiiecting the compact relationship above referred to, I provide the lower section 1 of my'case with interior lateral plates at to which are pivoted bell cranks 5 and 6 connected at their upper ends by a link 7. The rear bell crank 5 is coupled by a bent link 8 with the cover member :2 so that in opening and closing the" cover 2 the bell cranks 5 and 6 are rocked, elevating the inachinc indicated in broken lines from the position shown in Fig. 16 to the posit-ion shown in Fig. 15.

The machine proper is therefore preferably mounted on the bell cranks 5 and 6, th free ends of which have openings to receive supporting studs 9 set in the side frames 10 of the machine. The machine itself is readily releasable from its case by springing the free arms of the bell cranks 5 and 6 to release the studs 9.

Frame structure.

The lateral frames or plates 10 of the machine support a pair of angle shapedkey is rock, shaft which is operated by the spacer barl50 carried on the levers lrfil, The

. rod 33 carries the shift key 41 by which it is rocked and also serves as "a fulcrum for one row of type keys." The bar i0 is also a rocker shaft carrying the universal bar 66 a by which it is rocked.

25 'li'are a pair of vertical slideways 14 in Type group.

Depending from this transverse member which is 1 guided a frame 15. Suspended within the frame 15 is a segmental type bar holder 16. This holderis radially slotted on its inner face as indicated at 17 and is grooved 'alongits inner surface for there ception ofthe arc shaped pintlc 19. The

type'bars are. in the form shown, provided with a double type head on the long arm of the lever and are perforated at their opposite e'nds to 'receive the hooked end 21 of the connectingrod-22 which is hooked at its opposite'end' to the'key lever 30.

' Adjacent the lower end of the type bar 20 a semi-circnlar hook 223 is formed, (sec Figs; -20and 21) adapted to be passed under 'thereby within the segment 16. mental plate 16 covers-the slots 17 and prethe pintle wire 19 so as to be pivotally held A seg vents the type bars from becomin unhooked in action.

0 J osite this hook is an an ular extension 20 of' the short actuating lever 20 making "of the lever a bell crank with one long arm the plane of movement of its type bar20 and g is in substantial parallelism therewith.

formed by the type bar and one short arm 20 to which'the connecting rod 22 is attached. The connecting rod 22 is given two square turns forming a hookwhich lies in Key group.

The keys are ar anged in a stand-a d bank as desired, each row being hungon one of the common transverse pivots 32 or 33. The actuating ke for each type bar is so bent with reference to its pivot as to swing in substantial al-inement 'n iththe endof its The type keys anew preferably formed rock it.

in somewhat triangular shape having at their .upper ends hooks 31 adapted to engage the cross rods 32 and 33 so that the key is pendent thereon hanging with one side of its triangular frame substantially vertical. This constitutes the thrust'member of t'hekey. The connection 22 is hooked in this side of the frame, the point of pivot travelling in a short substantially horizontal arc of thrust. The sides of the triangular frame carry forward and constitnte' the key extension being upturned to receive the key or finger disc 34: Which is depressed in Writing to impart the rocking movement to the vertical thrust member of the key.

Uponthe depression of the key: in Writing; the lever is swungbackward' so that its connection with the link 22' has short-sub stantiallyhorizontal are of movement. This imparts to the link 22snbstant-ia lly longitudinal reciprocation which in tnr'n -:imparts a direct pull on theshortar'm 20 0f the type bar, throwing the bar intovertical-1: osi- I tion for type contact with the'platen 52/ Each key 30 is guided in corresponding slots in the c0m'bs 11 and 12, these openings-being 'alined to permit the key to have'free swing.

Shift.

1 The rod 83 is a rocker for the shifti On itis mounted at each end adjacent the side plateslO a shift key 41'. This key is also a pendent key but is fast to the shaft 33 to One arm of onekey 41 is connected by a wire'link 42 with ajlever43' on a bar '44- extending at the rear of the machine *beas shown in Fig. Sandengages atits forward end a stnd on the frame lo which can ries the type bar segment'lG so that the type 3 that whereas these keys 2O- are hung on the pair of transverse pivot rods 32 an'd be tween" the end frames 10; they are so bent as to workinplaneswhich are-fore and aft of the machine-but which are iir reality converglng towards a central vertlcal plane in which the central key 30 openings lie. For

the purpose of simplification of the illustraand earhguided between pairs of teeth on the combs 11 and 12, the inchided slots of which lie in the plane in which the key is to act, 7 I

The converging plane of 'eachkcylever "tion only 'one of these keys3O is shown, but

.its type bar. 1 twice so as to pass round the back side of the type segment 16 and engage the short arm 20 of the type bar in the rear so that the thrust upon the link 22 imparts a pull on this short lever 20 and snaps up the type bar to make it strike.

The bent end 21 lies in the plane in which the type bar works. In order to guide this bent end of the lever andmaintain its in vement in the plane of movement of the type bar, I provide a third comb guide 121. This comb guide is segmental and disposed about the periphery of the type segment 16 on the rear side thereof. It therefore combines with the comb guides 11 and 12 to preserve in their proper relative planes of working each key lever withits corresponding type bar and connecting'link.

Carriage group.

' platen frame which has at opposite ends bearings 51 in which the platen 52 is jour naled. The base 50 is slightly upwardly inclined along its rear portion and provided wit-h a'rib on the lower face of which is formed the rack 54;

About the upturned flange 13 near its center is an extension 131 longer than the flange 13 so as to permit the whole carriage to be rocked forward as shown in Fig. 13. This permits the clearance .of the rack 54: and the freeing of the carriage from tho teeth (ll-62 ot the escapemcnt lever 60. Of,

these the tooth 61. is the fixed tooth and the tooth 62, the yielding pivotal tooth in this The carriage is rotated about escapement. the support comprising the under-cut strip 132 until the back of the carriage bed eugages with the lip on the upper end of the extension 131. A carriage is shown in its normal position in Figure '12 and in the alinement with the transverse slideway of the carriage.

Space 1' bar.

As heretofore explained, the machine shown is of minimum size and adapted to be enclosed in a case of minimum size' ln the arrangement heretofore discussed the machine is so snugly boxed in by its case that it must be raised therefrom to give it operating clearance. To effect the greatest compactness, I mount my spacer bar 150 on lever 151, hinged at 152. The forward partof the lever 151 has an overlap 158 which engages with the forward end of the rear section of the lever to give a positive engagement on the down stroke. \Vhen the machine is to be closed up the bar 150 is folded back on the key-bank and the machine snugly dropped within the box memher 1. v

Oarrz'age Z0070.

In order to assure the proper position of the platen carriage 50 with the frame so that the 'machine' may disappear freely within its encasement 1, without striking the sides, I provide a locking system. Just above the type'bank appears a short vertical lever 110 (see Fig. 2) pivoted to be trans versely rocked in the comb 11, and extending back and having bearing at 111 in the frame (see Fig. 7).

From this anotherlever end 112 extends across the machine terminating in an angle shaped 'point 113 which normally lies just below the bridge 13 of the machine. The entire locking piece is of piano wire and the lever end 110 puts torsion enough on the whole to set the angle shaped end 113 against the carriage under a tension.

The bridge at this point has an opening and there is a corresponding recess 114: in the base 50 of the platen carriage.

The stock of the lever 112 is resilient above explained so that when the lever 110 is rocked the point 113 is yieldingly pressed against the base 50 of the platen carriage. if new the platen carriage he slid to central alinement the point 113 will enter the recess 11% and lock the carriage in that position. This prevents any accidental lateral movement of the carriage while the machine is Ribbon group.

Bracketed on the bridge 13 are mounts for a pair of ribbon cases 80. These cases arecylindrical open topboxes opened at 81 for the passage of the ribbon 82. The edges of the openings 81 are bent back as at 81 to receive the legs 83 of the covers 83. In

the bottom of each caseis a ratchet member 84 resting on the bottom of the case but freely rotatable therein. The ribbon rolls at each end of the ribbon 82,-lie over a'central spindle 85 on the member 84. The ribbon in passing from one case to the other runs out through the opening 81 passing under a pair of hooks 86. Between these hooks is aguide 87 which holds the ribbon adjacent 'the platen 52. 'The upper end of this guide is notched leaving a pair of type bar alining jaws 88 which assure the alignment o'f'the type at the proper spot.

The-'ratcheted members Slare alternately actuated by oppositely disposed 'pawls 87 formed on the ends of a pawl bar 89 connected with the short. arms onthe rock bar which carriesthe universal bar 66.

The-ends of the ,pawls 87. are guided on the opposed inturnedand wedge shaped ends 90 of a bar 91 shiftably held at 92'on the rear of the key lever pivot cover-93. Upon shiftingthis bar 91 in one direction a wedge end 90 is radially inserted under the ratchet member'Set which is to be actuated. This movement engages the pawl 87 carried by thewedge end 90 which is moved and atthe same timethe Wedge raises the member 84 and thus engagesit with-sulficicnt friction to hold it .during the retraction of the pawl for engagingthenext suceeedingratchet tooth on the --periphery of the-member 84. (See Figs. 7-10.)

The ribbon feed is therefore reversedby simply shifting the bar 91 laterally of the n1aehine to release one pawl and'wedge and engage the pawl and Wedge with the'memher of the oth'er 'rib'bon case. ThememberSet of the case from which ribbon is being drawn-rests onthe smooth at bottom" of the ribbon case and runs free.

Ribbon group, 1 (ribbon supply.)

T'he ribbon R for my .machines maybe of any usual typebut preferably as shown consist of a ribbon fi'll furnished in a loading clip all ready to insert without touching'with the fingers.

A ribbon82wound LItOPPOSltB ends in reverse rolls 82 is carried on the forked end arms 101 of a clip 100. This clip has lateral arms 1.02 midway of its length-across which the connecting length of the ribbon is laid.

"The length 'ofthe clip "100 between its 'endiarms 101 is justequal-torthe distance between centers 'of thex ribbon cases 80 and the forked ends of the-arms=101are adapted to embrace the central studs 84 of the ratchet members Stso that the ribbon rolls "will readily be guided to and slipover' these studs 84.

'lhelater-al armsdOQ'of the clip 100 are offset from the line of the arms i 101 sufilciently toa'ct/as guides for lodging the "ribbon behind the part 87.

The ribbon rolls are simply pushed off thearms 101;.the centralwebb pushed free .1 of thelateralarm 1052 which embraces the 22 which necessarily intheirgplay below the bottom level of the frame.

on each movement'thereof. through the pawl 87 a step'by step -1nove guide 88 as indicated inFig. 19. The'intermediate section'of' the ribbon 82 is pushed under the hooks S6, all'by thepoint of a lead pencil or other convenient instrument so that the fingers do not have to contact the ribbon itself. a

The covers 83 are removed before .and replaced after loading. \Vlien' the ribbon has once been lodged in its cases the. ma-.

chine may be freely handled,-packed, carried or shipped Without .danger of dislodgment of the ribbon in spite of the fact that the ribbon system is substantially a floating one as regards its rolls.

General opera-time.

The general voperation of, l the machine lierelnbefore described is as follows:

#Upon the opening of the cover 2 of the case, the entire typewriter is elevated on the bell cranks sothat it entirely clear froni'the base 1. i This leaves ample room links 'work Furthermore, it permits.clearance'for the space bar which may now be unfolded and lie free and clear of the key bank. It will be forthe movement of=t he connecting noted from Figsp15=andd6 that as the machine 1s raised'ini its box it nccessarilyhas a slight forward .rnovement-in theii'nitial step of raise followed by a rearward movement to theswing of the bell cranks which carry'it.

The machine being'nowraised and the "platen carriage 53-:n1oved into propeiwpositron, ,thus bringing the spring 72 of the drum 73 under tension, theikeys 80 may be de pressed toefiect the desired Writing. Upon the depression of each key 30 the connecting linkQQ is thrust rearwardly in substantially the plane of movement of'the key, its end bent in the plane of; movement of its type bar; pulling up the corresponding type bar causes the typeto impinge-upon the paper centrally of the guide SS.

Spacing is effected by depression ofany key or by the spacer bar which rocks the universal bar 66, which is hung transversely of the machine in front of the vertically'depending'web 31 ofthedteysnndis rocked This imparts 822 past thepoint offimpact arms 45 raise the frame 15 vertically in the. slideway 14 thereby raising or lowering the type segment 16. v

In closing up the machine, the space bar 150 is folded on its pivots 152 and upon the closing of the cover memberQ the machine disappears snugly within its case.

Various modifications in the construction and operation of my machine may obviously be made, all without departing from the spirit of my invention if within the limits of the appended claims.

What I therefore claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. In typewriter, a transverse fulcrum, and a hooked end key lever mounted thereon, a type bar fulcrumed below the fulcrum of said key lever, a reciprocating connecting link between said type bar and the depending end of said key lever, and a key arm on said key lever and disposed in substantial alinement with the key lever;

2. In a typewriter, a transverse fulcrum, and a hooked end key lever mounted thereon, a type bar fulcrumed below the fulcrum of said key lever, a reciprocating connecting link between said type bar and the depending end of said key lever, a key arm on said key lever, and type key guides disposed in substantial alinement with the plane of the key levers.

3. In a typewriting machine, a segmental key pivot block having its inner face radially slotted and longitudinally grooved, a curved fulcrum bar in said longitudinal slot. type bars having hooked fulcrums disposed in said slot-s and engaging said bar, and a segmental cover plate backing said hooked fulcrums to prevent unhooking.

4. In a typewriting machine, a segmental key pivot block having its inner face radi ally slotted and longitudinally grooved, a curved fulcrum bar in said longitudinal slot, type bars having hooked fulcrums disposed in said slots and engaging said bar, and asegmental cover plate backing said hooked fulcrums to prevent unhooking, and having its upper edge lying 1n pos1t1on of support for said bars when unactuated.

5. In a typewriting machine, a pendulous key lever comprising a substantially vertical thrust member and a substantially horizontal key arm, a type bar comprising a type arm, and an angular lever end thereon, and pivoted in the angle of said bar, anda pivotally connected actuating link between said key and bar.

6. In a typewriting machine, a pendulous key lever comprising a substantially vertical thrust member, and a substantially horizontal key arm disposed below the pivot thereof, a type bar comprising a type arm, an angular lever end thereon, a pivot in the angle of said bar, and an operating connection between said lever and arm having a substantially reciprocating movement, and engaging said angular lever end to rock said bar from its normal position.

7. In a typewriting machine, a transverse key rod, and a plurality of key levers each comprising a substantially vertical thrust member, and a substantially horizontal key arm and hung on said rod from the upper ends of their vertical members, a plurality of t pe bars each comprising a type arm, an angular lever end thereon in the plane of movement of the arm, a pivotal mount at the angle thereof, and hooked end connecting rods, the end oi": each having a substantially reciproeativc movement in the normal plane of said type bar, and engaging said angular lever end to rock said bar from its normal position.

8. In a typewriting machine, a pendulous key lever having a substantially horizontal arc of thrust, and a substantially vertical key depression, a vertically, disposed segmental type bar pivot block, a type bar pivoted in said block, and anoperating link passing under said segmental block and connecting said type bar and key lever and having a hooked end passing around said block to engage said bar.

9. In a typewriting machine, a pendulous key lever having a substantially horizontal arc of thrust, a type bar comprising a normally horizontal type arm, a vertically disposed lever end thereon, a pivot in the. angle 'of said bar, and an operating connection between said key lever and type arm having a substantially reciprocating movement in the normal plane of said type bar and engaging said angular lever end to rock said bar from its normal position.

10. In a typewriter, lateral frames, cross bars between said frames constituting a rocker shaft for space and shift key, and key levers pivotally mounted on said cross bars for movementindependent of the rocking thereof.

11. In a typewriter, lateral frames, cross bars between said frames constituting a rocker shaft for space key, shift key and universal bar, key levers pivotally mounted on one or more of said cross bars for movement independent of the rocking thereof.

12. In a typewriting machine, the combination of a printing platen; a type bar segment located below said platen; type bars in said segment, and normally substantially horizonally disposed; key lever fulcrums substantiallv in front of said platen; de pending key levers mounted on said fulcrums: and operating links directly connect ing said key levers with said type bars.

13. In a typewriting machine, the combi nation of a type bar segment; a plurality of type bars mounted in said type bar segment; a plurality of pendant key levers mounted in front of said type bars and connecting links extending between said key levers and -In testimony whereof I affix mysigmlturcv said type bars and beneath the normal posiinpresonce of two Witnesses.

tion of said type bars, said links beingcon- VELLINGTON P KIDDER nectedto said type bars above the pivots thereofwhereby said type bars are pulled to Witnesses:

printing. position when said-key lovers are MARI N F. WEISS, operated. VICTORIA LOWDEN. 

